Evolution of Persian Gulf Basin and formation of super-large oil and gas fields

The Persian Gulf Basin has a large number of super-large oil and gas fields, and their formation is closely related to the evolution characteristics of the basin. The basin is controlled by basement rifting and the opening and closing of the Tethys Ocean.The tectonic evolution has undergone three stages of rift, drift and collision, eventually forming the basement rift, the passive continental margin and the foreland basin. Each evolution stage has different controlling functions on the generation, migration and accumulation of oil and gas. The evolution of the rift stage controls the prototype of a series of large structures and salt domes. The evolution of the drift stage controls the formation of the main source rocks and the Mesozoic-Paleozoic reservoir-seal assemblages. The evolution of the collision stage has an important influence on the definition of traps and the secondary distribution of oil and gas. Through three stages of special tectonic evolution, the Persian Gulf Basin has formed very superior petroleum geological conditions, and there is a good matching relationship among various reservoir-forming factors, resulting in a large number of super-large oil and gas fields with concentrated distribution.