Deep pumping in fractured-and-vuggy carbonate reservoirs: Practices in Tahe oil field

As a conventional and economic technique, deep pumping has been applied gradually in fractured-and-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe oil field, guiding by water injection curves. However, the practice of deep pumping in go-flat injection wells showed a poor efficiency. With a new understanding of deep pumping mechanism, it was found that stress was sensitive in fracture system. Fracture permeability decreased as formation pressure increased during production. As a result, when deep pumping, we should not blindly deepen fluid level and enlarge production pressure difference. Logically supplying formation energy was recommended to take packing mining.