Controlling of tectonic evolution on hydrocarbon occurrence in PreCaspian Basin

The PreCaspian Basin, which is one of the richest oil and gas basins in central Asia, is located in the southeast of the East European platform. According to the development of central Asia areas, the tectonic evolution of the PreCaspian Basin has been divided into four stages including the rift, passive continental margin, convergence and depression. Based on the study of tectonic evolution, it is discussed in this paper the relationships between the evolution and the source rocks, reservoirs-seals, traps, hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Tectonic evolution has played an important role in reservoir forming. Under the effection of tectonism, attributed to the paleotectonic form for this basin, the two sets of main source rocks developed along the edge of the basin and nearby the bioherm uplift, while the main high-quality reservoirs in the Caspian Basin distributed on the carbonate platform. Meanwhile, the subsalt anticlines, bioherm traps and the development of salt tectonic traps are controlled by tectonism. Besides, fault and unconformity offered the main migration pathways for oil and gas.