Abstract: Rock brittleness, as a key factor affecting the fracture properties of shale, is one of most important parameters for shale gas reservoir evaluation and "sweet spot" prediction. At present, the brittleness evaluation of shale reservoirs in the Qinshui Basin is mostly based on qualitative analysis because of its simple well logging series and limited number of cores for XRD based mineral composition. In this paper, a brittleness index (BI) was firstly calculated based on mineral composition information from XRD data. Then the relationship between logging data and BI was analyzed. Finally, a model for calculating the BI of the Carboniferous and Permian shale is established. The results show that the brittleness in the studied area is related to quartz, dolomite, pyrite and clays. The contents of quartz, dolomite and pyrite have a positive correlation with BI, whereas the clay minerals, which increase the ductility of rocks, are negatively correlated with BI. Different logging responses reflect different degrees of BI. The BI is positively related to the density, whereas it is negatively correlated with natural gamma signal. The relationship of BI with resistivity and interval transit time is not strong, showing a weakly negative correlation. The BI calculated using a multiple linear regression method is in a good agreement with that obtained by the mineral method.