Abstract: Due to the high content of asphaltene in crude oil in the Tahe Oilfield, wellbore plugging was very common as reservoir/wellbore pressure and temperature field changed in oil production process. With X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, component analysis and solvent extraction method, the plugging composition was analyzed, among which over 90% was organic matter. Asphaltene accounted for over 38% in the organic matter. A new asphalt plugging removal agent was innovated and evaluated. The highest dissolution rate at 60 ℃ could reach 2.956 mg/(mL·min). For the crude oil with colloid unstable index bigger than 0.9, asphaltene deposition could be inhibited by adding the new asphalt plugging removal agent with mass concentration of 1%.