Abstract: Through the systematic introduction of the application status of petroleum exploration risk analysis within China and aboard, this paper analyzed the major problems in the current exploration and summarized that there would be five trends in the future technology development of the exploration risk analysis. The first one is that the exploration risk analysis will pay more attention to the application of data and information. The second one is that the risk analysis technology will integrate with the commercial or economic reserve evaluation closely. The third one is that the risk analysis will run through the whole process of exploration evaluation and decision. The forth one is that Mathematical Geology and the development of Computer Science will accelerate the quantitative development of the exploration risk analysis. The fifth one is that the multi-disciplinary and comprehensive study will mature with the development of the theory of Petroleum Geology.