Abstract: Integrating study the relationship between basin-mountain system and oil and gas pool forming process is one of the frontier research fields in the study of continental geodynamics,and also is a key problem of petroleum exploration in China.Based on the system thoughts,this paper analyzed the form of basin-mountain system and oil and gas pool forming process and its research methodology firstly.Se-condly,the paper also discussed the response relationship of basin-mountain system architecture,evolution,and tectonic function and petroleum reservoir forming process.Finally,the paper gave a case study about Sichuan composite basin-mountain system and oil and gas pool forming process.The research results indicate that studying basin-mountain system and oil and gas pool forming process should keep to thoughts and methods of system science.The prerequisite of oil and gas pool forming process research are studying basin-mountain system architecture,evolution and dynamics mechanisms.Different basin-mountain system architecture has different source rock attribute,trap type and hydrocarbon accumulation model.Multistage tectonic activities control the source rock evolution,hydrocarbon charging histories,conductor system change,hydrocarbon accumulation and its later adjustment and reconstruction.Basin-mountain tectonic actions have constructed and rebuild two effects on oil and gas pool forming process.