Abstract: It is discussed in this paper hydrocarbon plays and controlling factors in the fold-thrust belt of the Southern Junggar Foreland Basin.According to the study,there are excellent hydrocarbon source rocks,reservoirs and caprocks in the belt.Furthermore,the abnormal overpressure is in good sealing condition for hydrocarbon accumulation.According to the key factors and the matching of hydrocarbon plays,hydrocarbon plays in this region are divided into two types,namely the lower play with Permian-Jurassic source rock and Triassic-Jurassic reservoir,and the upper play with Jurassic-Tertiary source rock and Cretaceous-Tertiary reservoir.Furthermore,three hydrocarbon sub-plays are suggested,namely the lower Permian-Jurassic play,the middle Jurassic play and the upper Tertiary play.Main controlling factors for hydrocarbon plays in this region are hydrocarbon source rock,fracture,caprock and overpressure.The upper play with Jurassic-Tertiary source rock and Cretaceous-Tertiary reservoir is favorable for exploration.