Abstract: The study area is located on the collision, underthrusting and accretion parts of plates and landmasses in the southern part of the South China Sea. Based on the stuey of regional geologic structural background and regional stratigraphic correlation, some kinds of traps and five kinds of related reservoirs were classified. Accor ding to the results from basin simulation and petroleum system research, the characteristics, pool-forming factors and exploration prospects of each type of reservoirs were analysed, and the pool-forming times and favorable distribution areas of the reservoir types similar to the oil and gas fields found were pointed out. This will provide scientific bases for hydrocarbon exploration.