Abstract: Abundant geologic information was obtained in the Hefei Basin by high-precision aeromagnetic survey. On this basis,the relief morphology of bedrock in the area was outlined, the faulted structural and regional structural units were divided, and the lithofacies structure of the basement was discussed. Besides, the regional structural anomalies were outlined, classified and interpreted. At last, the petroleum prospects were predicted, and the further exploration direction in the area was pointed out.