Abstract: ksed on the distribution of reflectances of main macerals of coal,the formation of hydrocarbon in coal and the phases of coal-related hydrocarbon were evaluated.There is certain correlation between the evolution of optical character of organic maceral and the generation of oil and gas,and hydrocarbon-generating phases can be evaluated in terms of their composite characters. In this paper,the author detailed the coal-related hydrocarbon of the Longtan coal-bearing series of the Nantong Coal field, Southern China.